Herpes zosterhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shingles
Herpes zoster cuta ce da ke haifar da kurjin fata mai raɗaɗi tare da blisters a wani wuri. Yawanci kurjin yana faruwa a kan guda ɗaya, ko a gefen hagu ko dama na jiki ko fuska. Kwanaki biyu zuwa hudu kafin kurjin ya bayyana, ana iya jin ƙurƙushe ko ciwon ƙashi a yankin. Idan ba haka ba, wasu marasa lafiya na iya samun zazzabi ko ciwon kai kawai, ko kuma su ji gajiya ba tare da kurji ba. Kurjin yakan warke cikin makonni biyu zuwa hudu; duk da haka, wasu mutane suna ci gaba da ciwon jijiyoyi wanda zai iya wucewa na watanni ko shekaru, yanayin da ake kira postherpetic neuralgia (PHN). A cikin mutanen da ba su da ƙarfi a garkuwar jiki, kurjin na iya bayyana a ko'ina. Idan kurjin ya shafi ido, asarar gani na iya faruwa. An kiyasta cewa kusan kashi uku na mutane suna kamuwa da herpes zoster a wani lokaci a rayuwarsu. Yayin da herpes zoster ya fi yawa a tsakanin tsofaffi, yara ma na iya kamuwa da cutar.

Chickenpox, wanda kuma ake kira varicella, yana fitowa daga kamuwa da cutar ta farko, yawanci a lokacin ƙuruciya ko samartaka. Da zarar cutar varicella ta warke, kwayar cutar na iya zama a cikin sel na jijiyoyin mutum cikin yanayin kwanciyar hankali na tsawon shekaru, sannan kuma ta iya sake kunnawa. Sakamakon haka, idan an sake kunna kwayar cutar varicella, ana samun herpes zoster. Kwayar cutar tana tafiya a cikin jijiyoyi zuwa ƙarshen fata, inda take haifar da blisters. Lokacin barkewar herpes zoster, kwayar cutar varicella da ke cikin blisters na iya haifar da varicella a mutanen da ba su taɓa kamuwa da ita ba.

Abubuwan da ke ƙara haɗarin sake kunnawa sun haɗa da tsufa, ƙarancin ƙarfi a garkuwar jiki, da kamuwa da varicella kafin watanni 18. Cutar varicella‑zoster ba iri ɗaya ce da cutar herpes simplex ba, kodayake duka biyun suna cikin iyali ɗaya na ƙwayoyin cuta.

Allurar rigakafin herpes zoster na rage haɗarin kamuwa da cutar da kashi 50% zuwa 90%. Hakanan tana rage yawan postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) da tsanantarsa idan cutar ta faru. Idan herpes zoster ya tasowa, magungunan antiviral kamar aciclovir na iya rage tsanani da tsawon lokacin cutar idan an fara a cikin sa'o'i 72 na bayyanar kurji.

○ Magani
Idan kurjin yana yaduwa da sauri, je zuwa likitan ku da wuri-wuri don maganin rigakafi.
Duk magungunan antiviral da magungunan neuralgia ana buƙata. Ya kamata ku huta kuma ku daina shan barasa.
#Acyclovir
#Fancyclovir
#Valacyclovir

#Gabapentin
#Pregabalin
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References Herpes Zoster and Postherpetic Neuralgia: Prevention and Management 29431387
Shingles, wanda ke haifar da sake kunnawa na cutar varicella zoster, yana shafar kusan mutane miliyan 1 a kowace shekara a Amurka, tare da haɗarin mutuwa na 30 %. Mutanen da ke da raunin tsarin garkuwar jiki sukan fi saurin kamuwa da shingles. Alamun cutar yawanci sukan fara da rashin lafiya, ciwon kai, da zazzabi mai sauƙi, tare da jin ƙaiƙayi a fata da ba a saba gani ba, kwanaki kaɗan kafin bayyanar kurji. Kurjin yawanci yana bayyana a wani yanki na musamman a jiki, inda blisters ke bayyana sannan su zama ƙumburi a cikin mako guda zuwa kwanaki goma. Magani cikin gaggawa tare da magungunan rigakafin ƙwayar cuta (acyclovir, valacyclovir, ko famciclovir) cikin sa'o'i 72 na fara kurjin yana da matuƙar muhimmanci. Postherpetic neuralgia, wadda ke haifar da ciwon ƙashi mai tsanani a yankin da cutar ta shafa, tana shafar kusan ɗaya cikin marasa lafiya biyar. Wannan yanayi na buƙatar kulawa ta ci gaba tare da magunguna kamar gabapentin, pregabalin, ko wasu antidepressants, da kuma magungunan waje kamar lidocaine ko capsaicin. Ana ba da shawarar a yi rigakafin cutar varicella zoster ga manya masu shekaru 50 da sama don rage haɗarin shingles.
Shingles, caused by the reactivation of the varicella zoster virus responsible for chickenpox, affects around 1 million people annually in the United States, with a lifetime risk of 30%. Those with weakened immune systems are significantly more prone to developing shingles, with symptoms typically starting with malaise, headache, and a mild fever, followed by unusual skin sensations a few days before the appearance of a rash. This rash, usually appearing in a specific area of the body, progresses from clear blisters to crusted sores over a week to ten days. Prompt treatment with antiviral medications (acyclovir, valacyclovir, or famciclovir) within 72 hours of rash onset is crucial. Postherpetic neuralgia, a common complication characterized by prolonged pain in the affected area, affects about one in five patients and requires ongoing management with medications such as gabapentin, pregabalin, or certain antidepressants, along with topical agents like lidocaine or capsaicin. Vaccination against the varicella zoster virus is recommended for adults aged 50 and above to reduce the risk of shingles.
 Epidemiology, treatment and prevention of herpes zoster: A comprehensive review 29516900
Herpes zoster yana faruwa akai‑akai a cikin mutane masu shekaru 50 zuwa sama, waɗanda ke da raunin tsarin rigakafi da masu amfani da magungunan rigakafi. Yana haifar da sake kunnawa na cutar varicella‑zoster, kwayar cutar da ke haifar da kaji. Alamomin kamar zazzaɓi, zafi, da ƙaiƙayi yawanci suna bayyana kafin kurjin. Mafi yawan rikice‑rikice shine post‑herpetic neuralgia, wadda ke nufin ciwon jijiyoyi da ke ci gaba bayan kurjin ya warke. Abubuwan haɗari da rikice‑rikice masu alaƙa da herpes zoster suna bambanta dangane da shekaru, yanayin rigakafi, da lokacin fara magani. An ba da allurar rigakafi ga mutane masu shekaru 60 zuwa sama don rage yawan faruwar herpes zoster da post‑herpetic neuralgia. Fara magungunan rigakafi da masu rage jin zafi cikin sa'o'i 72 na farawar kurjin zai iya rage tsanani da rikice‑rikice na herpes zoster da post‑herpetic neuralgia.
Herpes zoster tends to occur more frequently in people aged 50 and older, those with weakened immune systems, and those taking immunosuppressant medications. It's triggered by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus, the same virus that causes chickenpox. Symptoms like fever, pain, and itching commonly precede the appearance of the characteristic rash. The most common complication is post-herpetic neuralgia, which is persistent nerve pain after the rash clears up. The risk factors and complications associated with herpes zoster vary depending on age, immune health, and timing of treatment initiation. Vaccination for individuals aged 60 and above has been shown to significantly reduce the occurrence of herpes zoster and post-herpetic neuralgia. Starting antiviral medications and pain relievers within 72 hours of rash onset can lessen the severity and complications of herpes zoster and post-herpetic neuralgia.
 Prevention of Herpes Zoster: A Focus on the Effectiveness and Safety of Herpes Zoster Vaccines 36560671 
NIH
Gwaje‑gwajen asibiti kafin amincewa sun nuna cewa rigakafin zoster mai rai yana ba da kariya tsakanin kashi 50 zuwa 70 %, yayin da maganin sake haɗawa ya fi inganci, tsakanin kashi 90 zuwa 97 %. A cikin binciken duniya, sakamakon gwaje‑gwajen ya tabbatar da haka: rigakafin rayuwa yana ba da kariya kusan kashi 46 %, yayin da maganin sake haɗawa ke ba da kariya kusan kashi 85 %.
The pre-licensure clinical trials show the efficacy of the live zoster vaccine to be between 50 and 70% and for the recombinant vaccine to be higher at 90 to 97%. Real-world effectiveness studies, with a follow-up of approximately 10 years, were reviewed in this article. These data corroborated the efficacy studies, with vaccine effectiveness being 46% and 85% for the live and recombinant vaccines, respectively.